Historical cheapness: current PE is 79× versus the full-history median of 43.9× shown in the valuation table, producing 17.7/100. Positive weekly observations receive equal weight; lower past EPS alone does not disqualify them.

Outlook-adjusted valuation: 21.1/100. The model applies a 26.7% earnings-growth assumption and a 10% annual return hurdle, with positive credit limited by evidence coverage and confidence.

Forward price scenarios use recent PE history separately. Recent history has a separately weighted median of 38.9× (18-month half-life). The favorable scenario uses 67× PE and $2.4 projected EPS, informed by growth, margins and earnings-quality checks. This is a model scenario, not an analyst target. A return to the full-history median is not assumed.

Business trends are strong. Over the past year: revenue +3.9%, operating margin +16.4 percentage points. Free cash flow is 13.6% of revenue. The business score is 72.8/100. Growth, margins and cash generation drive the score. Missing or older data receives less weight.

Stronger earnings and valuation could support a higher share price.

Our favorable case uses $2.37 of EPS and a 67× PE, suggesting a share price of about $158.86. Valuation history and outlook inform the PE.

The displayed favorable scenario is 16.2% upside, or about $158.82.

This is a scenario based on our model, not a forecast or probability.

Weaker than expected earnings could put pressure on the share price.

Our downside case uses $1.49 of EPS and a 62.7× PE, suggesting a share price of about $93.14 — 32% below today’s price. Valuation history and outlook inform the PE.

This is a scenario based on our model, not a forecast or probability.